Mesothelioma is often diagnosed as a malignant scrotal mass without pain or inflammatory signs. It is a very rare tumor with quite uncommon sites of involvement. This form of malignancy generally involves pleura, with a differential diagnosis of undifferentiated carcinoma expectable in this area related to epididymis and rete testis.

Malignant mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis constitutes a very rare but often fatal malignancy of the male genitalia. This diagnosis should be suspected in patients exposed to asbestos and those presenting with clinical symptoms of either hydrocele or inguinal hernia. We report here a case of malignant mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis. A 69-year-old man with a left hydrocele and inguinal mass was referred for left inguinal orchidectomy and hernioraphy. Histologic examination showed a malignant mesothelioma.Malignant mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis testis is a very rare occupational neoplasm with highly aggressive biological behaviour. Treatment is difficult, and widespread local invasion and/or metastatic disease at presentation are associated with a poor prognosis.

Torsion of the spermatic cord is a true surgical emergency of the highest order. We present our experience of two boys with testicular torsion to demonstrate that after re-approximation of the tunica albuginea in testes exposed to prolonged ischemia, the ischemic appearance returns. We can reduce intra-testicular pressure and save testicular pressure with using tunica vaginalis flap.

Background & Objectives: Hypospadiasis is a common congenital genitourinary malformation which has various surgical procedures for its reconstruction. Tabularized incised plate (TIP) is the most common technique and this study compares the use of buccal mucosal graft combined to double dartos flap with tunica vaginalis flap as second layers in TIP procedure.Material & Methods: In a prospective study 43 patients with hypospadiasis underwent TIP. Patients were randomly assigned into two groups. In the first group, 21 patients undergo buccal mucosal graft combined to double dartos flap and in the a second group, tunica vaginalis flap were used as second layer in 22 patients. Patients were followed and development of complications such as wound infections, meatal stenosis, and urethrocutaneous fistula formation were recorded. Failure was defined as need for repeated surgery.Results: The overall success rate was 87.5% (100% in first group and 60% in the second). 12 patients had complications (3 in the first group and 9 in the other group) which half of them needed surgical operation. In 5 patients of tunica vaginalis flap group developed urethrocutaneus fistula; nevertheless, no fistula was recorded in buccal mucosal graft combined to double dartos flap (P=0.048). Other complications were not significantly different in the 2 groups. The surgical success rate of patients undergoing buccal mucosal graft combined to double dartos flap was significantly higher than tunica vaginalis flap (P=0.021).Conclusion: Buccal mucosal graft combined to double dartos flap as a second layer is a good technique with reasonable results in hypospadiasis surgery.

Dear Editor: The testis and epididymis are surrounded by two layers of peritoneum called the Tunica vaginalis, which extends into the scrotum during the second and third embryonic months and has smooth muscle cells that aid spermatozoa movement (1). It is mesothelium tissue which includes visceral and parietal layers with an approximately 2-ml serosal fluid between the two layers (2). . . .

Paratesticular fibrous pseudotumors (PFP) are relatively rare benign spindle cell tumors. These tumors usually are originated from testicularis tunics and grow into the epididymis and spermatic cord. PFP is a consequent of a reactive proliferation of inflammatory tissue. We report a case of PFP with simultaneous multiple tunica albuginea and tunica vaginalis lesions. A 33-year-old man presented with painless right scrotal lump, normal serum tumor markers, and one centimeter paratesticular mass in ultra-sonography that underwent testis-sparing surgery due to a benign microscopic appearance in frozen section evaluation. Testis sparing surgery can be considered as the preferred management because of the lack of obvious evidence of potential malignancy in this tumor.

Background: Trichomonas vaginalis is protozoan parasite responsible for trichomoniasis and is more common in high-risk behavior group such as prostitute individuals. Interest in trichomoniasis is due to increase one's susceptibility to viruses such as herpes, human papillomavirus and HIV. The aim of this study was to find genotypic differences between the isolates.Methods: Forty isolates from prisoners' women in Tehran province were used in this study. The random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique was used to determine genetic differences among isolates and was correlated with patient's records. By each primer the banding pattern size of each isolates was scored (bp), genetic differences were studied, and the genealogical tree was constructed by using NTSYS software program and UPGMA method.Results: The least number of bands were seen by using primer OPD8 and the most by using OPD3. Results showed no significant difference in isolates from different geographical areas in Iran. By using primer OPD1 specific amplified fragment with length 1300 base pair were found in only 8 isolates. All these isolates were belonged to addicted women; however, six belonged to asymptomatic patients and two to symptomatic ones.Conclusion: There was not much genetic diversity in T vaginalis isolates from three different geographical areas.